Finally:
Visiting the website presents a simple file upload portal. The description reads: "Upload a file to generate a report."
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In this specific environment (often running Nginx), the access logs are located at /var/log/nginx/access.log Poisoning the Log:
For a "full paper" style breakdown, you can refer to these detailed technical walkthroughs: Finally: Visiting the website presents a simple file
We cannot read the flag directly because the www-data user might not have access. We need to pivot. Using the XXE, we read:
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The attacker then uses the LFI vulnerability to "include" the access.log