Explain that this experiment validates the and the structure-function relationship (e.g., cell wall provides support; irregular shape allows cheek cells to stretch).

| Cell Type | Stain Used | Magnification | Structures Observed | Drawing Reference | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Human cheek cell | Methylene blue | 400x (High power) | Cell membrane (irregular shape), nucleus (dark blue, central or slightly off-center), cytoplasm (light blue) | Figure 1 | | Onion epidermal cell | Iodine solution | 400x (High power) | Cell wall (rectangular, rigid), nucleus (small, spherical), large central vacuole (unstained/clear), cytoplasm (thin layer) | Figure 2 | | Rhoeo leaf cell (Turgid) | None (natural pigment) | 100x | Purple contents filling the cell; nucleus visible; cell wall distinct. | Figure 3 | | Rhoeo leaf cell (Plasmolyzed) | None (natural pigment) | 100x | Purple protoplast has shrunk into a central sphere; clear space between protoplast and cell wall. | Figure 4 |

Why is methylene blue used to stain cheek cells? A: Methylene blue is a cationic dye that binds to negatively charged components like DNA in the nucleus and RNA in the cytoplasm, making the nucleus and cell boundary visible against a bright background.

For the purpose of this guide, we will use as a case study, as it is the most common and complex iteration of Experiment 2.

The conclusion must directly answer the objective. Write 2-3 concise sentences.

Switch to high power (40x) to identify specific cell characteristics such as wall thickness and shape.

Below is a structured guide for your lab report based on the standard syllabus requirements. Title: Plant Tissues 1. Objectives

: Present in dicots (allowing for secondary growth) but absent in monocots.